Cerné pas de grandes puissances économiques, le Laos voit ses richesses naturelles disparaître. Principale cause : l’agriculture intensive. Pourtant une alternative existe. Le semis direct, qui s’inscrit dans le développement durable fait son chemin au Laos : il permet aux populations rurales de préserver leurs sols. Ces techniques pourraient bien répondre aux besoins alimentaires croissants des générations à venir…

SCV: plantes fourragères de couverture (Brachiarias, vesces, avoine, Stylosanthes) avec zone d'adaptabilité; Techniques culturales; avantages et inconvenients

Visite SCAP, Octobre 2009

Visite SCAP - Octobre 2009 Recommandations Techniques - Bases Economiques - Organisation collective - Fumure des cultures SCV en 2009 - Conclusion -

Four points to convince the farmers to adopt the DMC systems (SCV) in large scale : - Reduction of costs - Reduction of the risks with weather impact (drought) - Increase the yield of the main cash crop and the profitability of the whole system - Making extra money with C-sequestration and giving a good contribution to the environment.

L’Agriculture de Conservation (AC) en Tunisie soumise à un climat semi-aride doit pouvoir, optimiser l’efficience des ressources en eau (400 mm/an) pour sécuriser la production de céréales et de fourrages. À court terme les techniques d’AC en améliorant les propriétés physiques du sol en surface par rapport aux système s traditionnels (Nouiri et al., 2008), permettent une meilleure infiltration de l’eau avec des quantités de résidus limitées.

Diaporama présentant les problèmes malgaches: érosion et feu de brousse entraînant perte de fertilité , climats et géographie; GSDM et SCV avec historique et résultats jusqu'à diffusion

Rapport de mission à Madagascar - Suivi-Evaluation de l'opération diffusion des systèmes de culture sur couverture végétale permanente SCV. - Recommandations au développement et à la recherche en appui au GSDM et aux projets BV-Lac et BV-PI SE/HP.

Tunisian climate is mediterranean, characterized by irregular, sudden, intense and relatively low rain-fall. Land degradation is continuing, water resources are becoming scare, and energy cost of farm products is continuously getting high. Consequently, cereal producers can hardly make an economic return, while practicing conventional agriculture based on conventional drilling (CD). Conservation agriculture based on direct drilling (CA/DD) gives farmers a chance to protect soils and rebuilt their fertility for an efficient use of any available form of water (rain-fall, irrigation). Such desirable efficiency does not come only by the use of the appropriate crop species, but necessarily by reducing water evaporation. To do so, a permanent mulching on the soil surface is the pivot of CA/DD. Since rain-fall fluctuates from one year to another, crop sequences should parallel with such conditions. Some couloirs have early rains (September-October) and late rains (May-June) too. In Bou-Salem (Governorate of Gendouba), early and late rains accounted for 26.2 % and 19.9 % of the 07/08 total rain for cereal growing season (September/07-June/08), respectively. These rains are not well capitalized in cereal production, when applying conventional agriculture. So, coupling the site specific approach and agronomy of opportunity is imperative to lift up farm productivity. The climate (rain, heat) of production sites should be characterized to better define growing seasons and make the appropriate agronomic sequence. Then, the agronomy of opportunity (producing the maximum of biomass whenever the climate and the biology of the desired crop are favorable) could be applied in different scenarios, under rain-fed and/or irrigation conditions. There is no static scheme to crop the land, and it is rather a dynamic management of soil, crops, and water. A particular emphasis should be put on use of strictly seasonal (fall, winter, spring, summer) cereals and legumes in order to make a continuing cropping with two-three crops a year. A potential scenario could be a fall-barley/springpeas/ summer short season-sorghum hybrid.

Visite SCAP, Octobre 2009: Principes "Approche terroirs": diagnostic initial (densité de population, fertilité des sols, organisation de la production coton, élevage et feu de brousse) suivi de conclusions recommandations avec SCV + arbres; enfin réalisations